In this paper,the typical subject for the female sex in chinese literature of the 20th century is summarized into six aspects,namely,struggling for “existence”;enduring humiliation to abide by bad customs and habits;striving for the abstract“love”;dissipating for “sex”;being fierier than the male for the “ideal” of life;embodying the female s traits in “beauty”.

Incorporating three basic topics of African American motherhood with Walker’s womanist ideas, this thesis seeks to examine that womanist motherhood should include three important aspects, namely nurturing and preserving children, passing on the African American culture, and loving and unifying all people.

In the 1990 s,Tie ning s writings on maternity link the past,present,and the future of female,connecting the ancestors mother generation and filial generation.

On maternity, female writers vividly described women s physiology, their culture and their positions in the society, which gave vivid presentation of women s life.

The number of alate,apterous parthenogenesis aphids,and sexuparae produced by the cotton and cucumber specialized aphids were compared.